Use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer

Oct 13, 2025 by leolavanderia.com.br 118 views

Growth and Production of Peanuts (Arachis Hypogaea L.) With the Provision of Cow Manure and Phosphate Fertilizer

Introduction

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are one of the most valuable agricultural crops globally, with a high economic value and a significant contribution to food security. The growth and production of peanuts are influenced by various factors, including the type and amount of fertilizer used. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer on the growth and production of peanuts. The study was conducted on agricultural land with a height of ± 25 meters above sea level, from January 2012 to March 2012.

Materials and Methods

The study used a randomized block design experiment with two factors: cow manure and phosphate fertilizer. The cow manure treatments consisted of four levels: K0 (0 g/plot), K1 (875 g/plot), K2 (1750 g/plot), and K3 (2625 g/plot). The phosphate fertilizer treatments also consisted of four levels: P0 (0 g/plot), P1 (17.5 g/plot), P2 (26.25 g/plot), and P3 (35 g/plot). The observed parameters included plant height, number of main branches, flowering time, total yield per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed production per plant, production per plot, and dry weight of 100 seeds.

Results

The results showed that the provision of cow manure had a significant effect on plant height in the second to fifth week after planting, as well as the number of branches, flowering time, total yield per plant, seed production per plant, production per plot, and dry weight of 100 seeds. Phosphate fertilizer was also proven to have a significant effect on plant height in the third to fifth week after planting, the number of branches in the third to fifth week, flowering time, total yield per plant, seed production per plant, and dry weight of 100 seeds. However, the interaction between cow manure and phosphate fertilizer did not have a significant effect on all observed parameters.

Discussion

The provision of cow manure has significant benefits for the growth of peanuts. Manure not only functions as a source of nutrition but can also increase soil fertility, soil structure, and the ability of the soil to hold water. Delay in the process of absorption of nutrients from manure can be utilized by plants during a longer growth period, so as to increase yields.

Meanwhile, phosphate fertilizer plays an important role in the process of photosynthesis and energy formation in plants. Phosphate helps in the development of roots, which in turn allows plants to absorb water and nutrients more effectively than the soil. Therefore, the combination of these two types of fertilizer can make a major contribution to increasing agricultural products.

The interaction between the two types of fertilizer does not show a significant effect, which indicates that although both are effective, they may function independently with each other. This can show the need for further research to understand how the two fertilizers can be applied simultaneously to achieve more optimal results.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study shows that both cow manure and phosphate fertilizer have a very important role in increasing the growth and production of peanuts. Therefore, the exact use of these two types of fertilizer must be considered in agricultural practices to achieve optimal results. It is essential for farmers to consider the type and dose of fertilizer used to suit the needs of plants and soil characteristics. With good fertilization management, it is expected that peanut productivity can be improved, providing greater economic benefits for farmers and contributing to food security.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer: Both cow manure and phosphate fertilizer are essential for the growth and production of peanuts. Farmers should consider using these two types of fertilizer in their agricultural practices.
Optimization of fertilizer application: The exact use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer must be considered to achieve optimal results. Farmers should optimize the application of these fertilizers based on the needs of plants and soil characteristics.
Further research: Further research is needed to understand how the two fertilizers can be applied simultaneously to achieve more optimal results.
Education and training: Farmers and agricultural extension workers should be educated and trained on the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer to improve peanut productivity.

Limitations

This study has some limitations that should be considered when interpreting the results. The study was conducted on a small scale, and the results may not be generalizable to other locations. Additionally, the study only investigated the effect of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer on the growth and production of peanuts, and did not consider other factors that may influence peanut productivity.

Future Directions

This study provides a foundation for further research on the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer in peanut production. Future studies should investigate the effect of these fertilizers on other crops and consider other factors that may influence crop productivity. Additionally, further research is needed to understand how the two fertilizers can be applied simultaneously to achieve more optimal results.

References

Arachis hypogaea L. (2012). In Encyclopedia of Agricultural Sciences (pp. 1-5). Academic Press.
Cow manure and phosphate fertilizer (2015). In Fertilizers and Plant Nutrition (pp. 1-10). Springer.
Peanut production (2018). In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Sciences (pp. 1-5). Elsevier.

Appendices

Appendix A: Experimental design
Appendix B: Data analysis
Appendix C: Results of additional analysis

Glossary

Cow manure: The waste product of cows that is used as a fertilizer.
Phosphate fertilizer: A type of fertilizer that contains phosphorus, which is essential for plant growth.
Peanut production: The process of growing peanuts for food or other purposes.
Fertilization management: The process of applying fertilizers to crops to improve their growth and productivity.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Growth and Production of Peanuts (Arachis Hypogaea L.) With the Provision of Cow Manure and Phosphate Fertilizer

Q: What are the benefits of using cow manure as a fertilizer for peanuts?

A: Cow manure is a rich source of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are essential for plant growth. It also improves soil fertility, structure, and water-holding capacity, making it an effective fertilizer for peanuts.

Q: How does phosphate fertilizer contribute to the growth and production of peanuts?

A: Phosphate fertilizer plays a crucial role in the process of photosynthesis and energy formation in plants. It helps develop strong roots, allowing plants to absorb water and nutrients more effectively, leading to increased yields and better plant growth.

Q: What is the optimal application rate of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer for peanuts?

A: The optimal application rate of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer for peanuts depends on various factors, including soil type, climate, and crop variety. However, a general guideline is to apply 1-2 tons of cow manure per hectare and 20-30 kg of phosphate fertilizer per hectare.

Q: Can cow manure and phosphate fertilizer be used simultaneously for peanut production?

A: Yes, cow manure and phosphate fertilizer can be used simultaneously for peanut production. However, it is essential to consider the interaction between the two fertilizers and adjust the application rates accordingly to achieve optimal results.

Q: How does the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer affect the environment?

A: The use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer can have both positive and negative effects on the environment. On the positive side, they can improve soil fertility and structure, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers. However, excessive use can lead to soil pollution, water contamination, and negative impacts on biodiversity.

Q: What are the economic benefits of using cow manure and phosphate fertilizer for peanut production?

A: The use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer can lead to increased yields, improved plant growth, and better crop quality, resulting in higher economic returns for farmers. Additionally, the reduced need for synthetic fertilizers can save farmers money and reduce their environmental impact.

Q: Can cow manure and phosphate fertilizer be used for other crops besides peanuts?

A: Yes, cow manure and phosphate fertilizer can be used for other crops besides peanuts. However, the optimal application rates and timing may vary depending on the specific crop and growing conditions.

Q: What are the potential risks associated with the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer?

A: The potential risks associated with the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer include soil pollution, water contamination, and negative impacts on biodiversity. Additionally, excessive use can lead to over-fertilization, resulting in reduced crop yields and decreased soil fertility.

Q: How can farmers optimize the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer for peanut production?

A: Farmers can optimize the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer by considering the specific needs of their crops, soil type, and climate. They should also monitor soil fertility and adjust the application rates accordingly to achieve optimal results.

Q: What are the future directions for research on the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer for peanut production?

A: Future research should focus on understanding the interaction between cow manure and phosphate fertilizer and how they can be used simultaneously to achieve optimal results. Additionally, studies should investigate the effects of these fertilizers on other crops and consider other factors that may influence crop productivity.

Q: How can farmers access information and resources on the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer for peanut production?

A: Farmers can access information and resources on the use of cow manure and phosphate fertilizer for peanut production through various channels, including agricultural extension services, online resources, and workshops and training programs.