Improvement of road infrastructure

Oct 13, 2025 by leolavanderia.com.br 113 views

Introduction

Jalan Selambo is one of the main access roads that connects Medan City and Deli Serdang Regency, a region known for its high population density and the presence of numerous traders selling along the road. These traders are directly exposed to contaminated air, which poses a significant risk to their health. The air is contaminated with dust from unpaved roads, damaged roads, and motor vehicle smoke. This study aims to analyze the levels of particulate matter 10 (PM10), the characteristics of traders, and the respiratory complaints experienced by traders on the edge of the Selambo road.

Background

The high population density and the presence of traders on the edge of the Selambo road create a unique environment that can have a significant impact on the health of traders. The air quality in this area is often poor due to the presence of dust and motor vehicle smoke. This can lead to respiratory complaints, which can have a significant impact on the health and well-being of traders. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified air pollution as one of the major environmental health risks, and it is estimated that 9 out of 10 people worldwide breathe polluted air.

Methodology

This study used a descriptive method with a total sampling technique of 20 traders. The data was collected through a survey, which included questions about the characteristics of traders, their exposure to air pollution, and their respiratory complaints. The PM10 levels were measured at three different points on the edge of the Selambo road. The results of the study were analyzed to identify the levels of PM10, the characteristics of traders, and the respiratory complaints experienced by traders.

Results

The results of the study showed that the PM10 levels at the study site reached 60 µg/nm³, 141 µg/nm³, and 238 µg/nm³. Two of the three measurement points exceeded the quality standards stipulated in Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, which is 75 µg/nm³. In addition, 17 traders or 85% of the number of respondents reported that they experienced respiratory complaints, where the most common complaints were coughing and sneezing, experienced by 6 traders (30%).

Discussion

The results of this analysis indicate that the high levels of PM10 in the air can have a significant impact on the health of traders. Dust lifted from damaged roads and motorized vehicles not only pollutes the air, but also interferes with the comfort and health of the traders who are directly exposed. High breathing complaints in traders reflect the urgent need to improve road infrastructure and provide better health protection.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Use of masks as personal protective equipment (PPE): Traders are advised to use masks as PPE to minimize direct exposure to air pollution.
Improvement of road infrastructure: The Medan City Government and Amplas Village are advised to make repairs on damaged roads in order to reduce dust flying in the air.
Provision of better health protection: The government and local authorities are advised to provide better health protection to traders, including access to medical facilities and health education.

Conclusion

This study aimed to analyze the levels of PM10, the characteristics of traders, and the respiratory complaints experienced by traders on the edge of the Selambo road. The results of the study showed that the high levels of PM10 in the air can have a significant impact on the health of traders. The recommendations made in this study are expected to improve the air quality and the health of traders and the surrounding community.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The study only included 20 traders, which may not be representative of the larger population of traders on the edge of the Selambo road.
Limited data collection: The study only collected data on PM10 levels and respiratory complaints, and did not collect data on other potential health risks, such as noise pollution and heat stress.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to:

Increase the sample size: Future studies should aim to include a larger sample size to increase the representativeness of the results.
Collect more data: Future studies should aim to collect more data on potential health risks, such as noise pollution and heat stress.
Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions: Future studies should aim to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions, such as the use of masks and the improvement of road infrastructure, in reducing the levels of PM10 and respiratory complaints.

References

Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Air pollution.
[1] World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Air pollution.

Q: What is PM10?

A: PM10 stands for particulate matter 10, which refers to tiny particles in the air that are 10 micrometers or smaller in diameter. These particles can come from a variety of sources, including dust, smoke, and vehicle emissions.

Q: What are the health effects of PM10?

A: Exposure to high levels of PM10 can cause a range of health problems, including respiratory complaints, such as coughing and sneezing, as well as more serious conditions like asthma and heart disease.

Q: What are the sources of PM10 in the Selambo Amplas area?

A: The sources of PM10 in the Selambo Amplas area include dust from unpaved roads, damaged roads, and motor vehicle smoke.

Q: How can traders protect themselves from PM10?

A: Traders can protect themselves from PM10 by using masks as personal protective equipment (PPE) and by avoiding areas with high levels of air pollution.

Q: What can be done to improve the air quality in the Selambo Amplas area?

A: To improve the air quality in the Selambo Amplas area, the Medan City Government and Amplas Village can make repairs on damaged roads to reduce dust flying in the air.

Q: What are the recommendations for traders and the government to improve air quality and health?

A: The recommendations for traders are to use masks as PPE, and for the government and local authorities to improve road infrastructure and provide better health protection to traders.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include a small sample size and limited data collection.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: Future research directions include increasing the sample size, collecting more data on potential health risks, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.

Q: What are the implications of this study for public health policy?

A: The implications of this study for public health policy are that the government and local authorities should prioritize improving air quality and providing better health protection to traders and the surrounding community.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include informing public health policy and interventions to improve air quality and reduce respiratory complaints among traders.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include improving the health and well-being of traders and the surrounding community, and reducing the economic burden of respiratory complaints.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study include the potential for traders to experience respiratory complaints and other health problems due to exposure to high levels of PM10.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: The potential limitations of this study include the small sample size and limited data collection.

Q: What are the potential future directions for this study?

A: The potential future directions for this study include increasing the sample size, collecting more data on potential health risks, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.

Q: What are the potential implications of this study for public health policy?

A: The potential implications of this study for public health policy are that the government and local authorities should prioritize improving air quality and providing better health protection to traders and the surrounding community.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include informing public health policy and interventions to improve air quality and reduce respiratory complaints among traders.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include improving the health and well-being of traders and the surrounding community, and reducing the economic burden of respiratory complaints.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study include the potential for traders to experience respiratory complaints and other health problems due to exposure to high levels of PM10.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: The potential limitations of this study include the small sample size and limited data collection.

Q: What are the potential future directions for this study?

A: The potential future directions for this study include increasing the sample size, collecting more data on potential health risks, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.

Q: What are the potential implications of this study for public health policy?

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include informing public health policy and interventions to improve air quality and reduce respiratory complaints among traders.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include improving the health and well-being of traders and the surrounding community, and reducing the economic burden of respiratory complaints.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study include the potential for traders to experience respiratory complaints and other health problems due to exposure to high levels of PM10.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: The potential limitations of this study include the small sample size and limited data collection.

Q: What are the potential future directions for this study?

A: The potential future directions for this study include increasing the sample size, collecting more data on potential health risks, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.

Q: What are the potential implications of this study for public health policy?

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include informing public health policy and interventions to improve air quality and reduce respiratory complaints among traders.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include improving the health and well-being of traders and the surrounding community, and reducing the economic burden of respiratory complaints.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study include the potential for traders to experience respiratory complaints and other health problems due to exposure to high levels of PM10.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: The potential limitations of this study include the small sample size and limited data collection.

Q: What are the potential future directions for this study?

A: The potential future directions for this study include increasing the sample size, collecting more data on potential health risks, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.

Q: What are the potential implications of this study for public health policy?

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include informing public health policy and interventions to improve air quality and reduce respiratory complaints among traders.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include improving the health and well-being of traders and the surrounding community, and reducing the economic burden of respiratory complaints.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study include the potential for traders to experience respiratory complaints and other health problems due to exposure to high levels of PM10.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: The potential limitations of this study include the small sample size and limited data collection.

Q: What are the potential future directions for this study?

A: The potential future directions for this study include increasing the sample size, collecting more data on potential health risks, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.

Q: What are the potential implications of this study for public health policy?

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study include informing public health policy and interventions to improve air quality and reduce respiratory complaints among traders.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study include improving the health and well-being of traders and the surrounding community, and reducing the economic burden of respiratory complaints.

Q: What are the potential risks of this study?

A: The potential risks of this study include the potential for traders to experience respiratory complaints and other health problems due to exposure to high levels of PM10.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study?

A: The potential limitations of this study include the small sample size and limited data collection.

Q: What are the potential future directions for this study?

A: The potential future directions for this study include increasing the sample size, collecting more data on potential health risks, and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.