Application of Using Fly Ash Activated HCl and IMPLEDED FECL3 for Phenol Adsorption

Oct 13, 2025 by leolavanderia.com.br 124 views

Application of Using Fly Ash Activated HCl and IMPLEDED FECL3 for Phenol Adsorption

Introduction

Fly Ash is a byproduct of coal combustion, which is lifted into the air along with waste gas. According to the PP85/1999 regulation, Fly Ash is classified as hazardous and toxic waste (B3). Phenol, on the other hand, is a highly toxic compound that is carcinogenic, has a pungent odor, and is difficult to degrade biologically. The main sources of phenol waste come from various industries, including oil refineries, petrochemicals, steel factories, and factories that produce synthetic resins and medicines.

The Problem of Phenol Pollution

Phenol pollution is a significant environmental issue that affects human health and ecosystems. The increasing amount of industrial waste, including phenol, poses a threat to the environment and human health. The use of Fly Ash, a waste material, as an adsorbent for phenol can provide a sustainable solution to this problem. Fly Ash has been widely used as a construction material, but its potential as an adsorbent for phenol has not been fully explored.

The Aim of the Study

This study aims to explore the effects of Fly Ash mass variations on the phenol adsorption process, find the optimum pH for the adsorption process, and determine the isotherm model and the most appropriate adsorption kinetics. The study also aims to investigate the use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an effective alternative for tackling phenol pollution.

Materials and Methods

The Fly Ash used in this study was processed until it reached a homogeneous condition. The Fly Ash was then tested for its mass variation using an adsorbent mass of 15 grams, 20 grams, 25 grams, 25 grams, and 30 grams. The Fly Ash activation process was carried out with 8 M HCl solution and impregnation using 2% FeCl3.

The test was carried out to determine the optimum pH with a pH variation between 6 to 11, as well as a variation of phenol concentrations between 125 mg/l to 200 mg/l. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the adsorption process occurred in the mass Ash 20 gram mass, with a decrease efficiency of 90.55%. The optimum pH found is 6, with the efficiency of the decomposition reaching 95.49%. In addition, at the phenol concentration of 125 mg/l, the efficiency of the highest literacy was recorded, reaching 96.75%.

Results and Discussion

The results of this study showed that the Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 can be an effective alternative for tackling phenol pollution. The optimum conditions for the adsorption process were found to be at a mass of 20 grams, with a decrease efficiency of 90.55%. The optimum pH found was 6, with the efficiency of the decomposition reaching 95.49%. The results also showed that the most appropriate isotherm model to describe the process of this phenol adsorption is the Freundlich and Langmuir models, which show the characteristics of mono-layer and multi-layer adsorption.

The kinetics analysis showed that the most appropriate model is the Pseudo Order two model, with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9916, which shows a very good compatibility between experimental data and applied models. The results of this study also showed that the use of Fly Ash waste can not only reduce the amount of harmful waste, but also improve the quality of the environment by reducing phenol content that is harmful to human health and ecosystems.

Conclusion

This study shows that the Fly Ash that is activated and impregnated with HCL and FECL3 can be an effective alternative to tackling phenol pollution in the environment. The use of fly ash waste can not only reduce the amount of harmful waste, but also improve the quality of the environment by reducing phenol content that is harmful to human health and ecosystems. With this approach, it is hoped that there will be a sustainable solution for the problem of increasing industrial waste pollution in various countries.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an adsorbent for phenol can provide a sustainable solution to the problem of phenol pollution.
The optimum conditions for the adsorption process were found to be at a mass of 20 grams, with a decrease efficiency of 90.55%.
The optimum pH found was 6, with the efficiency of the decomposition reaching 95.49%.
The most appropriate isotherm model to describe the process of this phenol adsorption is the Freundlich and Langmuir models.
The kinetics analysis showed that the most appropriate model is the Pseudo Order two model.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions include:

Investigating the use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an adsorbent for other pollutants.
Studying the effects of different pH values on the adsorption process.
Investigating the use of Fly Ash as a construction material and its potential as an adsorbent for phenol.
Developing a pilot-scale adsorption system using Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3.

Limitations of the Study

The limitations of this study include:

The study was conducted using a laboratory-scale setup, which may not be representative of real-world conditions.
The study only investigated the use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an adsorbent for phenol.
The study did not investigate the effects of different concentrations of phenol on the adsorption process.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study shows that the Fly Ash that is activated and impregnated with HCL and FECL3 can be an effective alternative to tackling phenol pollution in the environment. The use of fly ash waste can not only reduce the amount of harmful waste, but also improve the quality of the environment by reducing phenol content that is harmful to human health and ecosystems. With this approach, it is hoped that there will be a sustainable solution for the problem of increasing industrial waste pollution in various countries.
Q&A: Application of Using Fly Ash Activated HCl and IMPLEDED FECL3 for Phenol Adsorption

Q: What is Fly Ash and how is it related to phenol pollution?

A: Fly Ash is a byproduct of coal combustion, which is lifted into the air along with waste gas. According to the PP85/1999 regulation, Fly Ash is classified as hazardous and toxic waste (B3). Phenol, on the other hand, is a highly toxic compound that is carcinogenic, has a pungent odor, and is difficult to degrade biologically. The main sources of phenol waste come from various industries, including oil refineries, petrochemicals, steel factories, and factories that produce synthetic resins and medicines.

Q: What is the aim of this study?

A: The aim of this study is to explore the effects of Fly Ash mass variations on the phenol adsorption process, find the optimum pH for the adsorption process, and determine the isotherm model and the most appropriate adsorption kinetics. The study also aims to investigate the use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an effective alternative for tackling phenol pollution.

Q: What are the results of this study?

A: The results of this study showed that the Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 can be an effective alternative for tackling phenol pollution. The optimum conditions for the adsorption process were found to be at a mass of 20 grams, with a decrease efficiency of 90.55%. The optimum pH found was 6, with the efficiency of the decomposition reaching 95.49%. The results also showed that the most appropriate isotherm model to describe the process of this phenol adsorption is the Freundlich and Langmuir models, which show the characteristics of mono-layer and multi-layer adsorption.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: The implications of this study are that the use of Fly Ash waste can not only reduce the amount of harmful waste, but also improve the quality of the environment by reducing phenol content that is harmful to human health and ecosystems. With this approach, it is hoped that there will be a sustainable solution for the problem of increasing industrial waste pollution in various countries.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study include:

The study was conducted using a laboratory-scale setup, which may not be representative of real-world conditions.
The study only investigated the use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an adsorbent for phenol.
The study did not investigate the effects of different concentrations of phenol on the adsorption process.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: Future research directions include:

Investigating the use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an adsorbent for other pollutants.
Studying the effects of different pH values on the adsorption process.
Investigating the use of Fly Ash as a construction material and its potential as an adsorbent for phenol.
Developing a pilot-scale adsorption system using Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study are:

The use of Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3 as an adsorbent for phenol in industrial waste treatment.
The use of Fly Ash as a construction material and its potential as an adsorbent for phenol.
The development of a pilot-scale adsorption system using Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study?

A: The potential benefits of this study are:

The reduction of phenol content in industrial waste, which can improve the quality of the environment and reduce the risk of human health and ecosystems.
The use of Fly Ash waste, which can reduce the amount of harmful waste and improve the quality of the environment.
The development of a sustainable solution for the problem of increasing industrial waste pollution in various countries.

Q: What are the potential challenges of this study?

A: The potential challenges of this study are:

The scalability of the adsorption process using Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3.
The cost-effectiveness of the adsorption process using Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3.
The potential environmental impacts of the adsorption process using Fly Ash activated with HCl and impregnated with FeCl3.